H. W. Smyth

Greek Grammar Notes

Part 1 §§77-§127

 

 

 

 

80 D. In Hom. and even in prose ρ may remain single after a vowel: ἔ-ρεξε did from ῥεξω, καλλί-ροος.  So ἰσό-ρροπος and ἰσό-ροπος (by analogy to ῥόπος) equally balancedἐκ χειρῶν βέλεᾱ ῥέον M 159 represents βέλεα ρρέον.  Cp. 146 D.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

81 D. 1. Hom. has many cases of doubled liquids and nasals:  ἔλλαβε took, ἄλληκτος unceasing, ἄμμορος without lot in, φιλομμειδής fond of smiles, ἀγάννιφος very snowy, ἀργεννός white, ἔννεπε relate. These forms are due to the assimilation of σ and λ, μ, or ν.  Thus, ἀγάννιφος is from ἀγα-σνφος, cp. sn in snow.

2. Doubled stops: ὅττι that Ϝοδ-τι), ὁππότε as Ϝοδ-ιτ), ὁππότε as Ϝοδ-ποτε), ἔδδεισε feared (ἐδϜεισε).

3. σσ in μέσσος middle (for μεθι ̯οςmedius, 114), ὀπίσσω backward, in the datives of σ -stems, as ἔπεσσι (250 D. 2), and in verbs with stems in σ(τρέσσε).

4. One of these doubled consonants may be dropped without lengthening the preceding vowel:  Ὀδυσεύς from Ὀδυσσεύς, μέσος, ὀπίσω.  So in Ἀχιλεύς from Ἀχιλλεύς.  On δδ, ββ, see 75 D. Aeolic has many doubled consonants due to assimilation (37 D. 3).

 

 

 

 

 

85. a. D. So in Hom. ἴκμενος favoring ἰκά̄νω), ἀκαχμένος sharpened.

 

 

 

 

90 D. Aeolic βόλλα council, Attic βουλή and Doric βωλά̄ (with compensatory lengthening), probably for βολνᾱ.

 

 

 

 

98 D. Hom. often retains σσ : ποσσί, δάσσασθαι for δατ-σασθαι (δατέομαι divide).

 

 

 

102 D. Hom. has ὦρσε incited, κέρσε cut, ἔλσαι to coop up, κέλσαι to put to shore.

 

 

 

105 D. σ is assimilated in Aeol. and Hom. ἔμμεναι to be for ἐσ-μεναι (εἶναι), ἀργεννός white for ἀργεσ-νος, ἐρεβεννός dark (ἐρεβεσ-νος, cp. Ἔρεβος), ἄμμε we, ὔμμες you (ἀσμε, θ̓ὐσμες). Cp. 81 D.

 

 

 

106 D. Aeolic has σδ for medial ζ in ὔσδος branch (ὄζος), μελίσδω make melody (μελίζω).

 

 

 

107 D. Homer often retains σσ : βέλεσσι, ἔπεσσι, τελέσσαι.

 

 

 

 

115 D. Ioric often retains τ (τίθητι, ἔχοντι).  σέ is not from (Dor.) τέ (cp. Lat. te), nor is σοί from τοί.

 

 

 

 

123 D. Hom. εὔαδε pleased stands for ϜϜαδε from ἐσϜαδε.

 

 

 

 

124 D. New Ionic generally leaves π, τ, κ before the rough breathing: ἀπ' οὗ, μετίημι, τοὔτερον. But in compounds (9 D.) φ, θ, χ may appear: μέθοδος method (μετά after + ὁδός way).

 

 

 

 

126 D. Hdt. has ἐνθαῦτα there (ἐνταῦθα), ἐνθεῦτεν thence (ἐντεῦθεν), κιθών tunic (χιτών).

 

 

 

 

127 D. Hom. and Hdt. have αὖτις again (αὖθις), οὐκί not (οὐχί). All the dialects except Attic have δέκομαι.