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|
134
|
|
|
conjugation
of μι-verbs
|
|
|
|
412.
The conjugation of μι-verbs
differs from that of ω-verbs
only in the present, imperfect, and second aorist active and
middle; and (rarely) in the second perfect. The μι
forms are made by adding the
endings directly to the tense-stem without any thematic
vowel, except in the subjunctive of all verbs, and in the
optative of verbs ending in -νῡμι. |
|
413.
Verbs having second aorists and second perfects of the
μι form are, as a rule, ω-verbs, not μι-verbs,
in the present. Thus, the second aorists: ἔβην
(βαίνω go),
ἔγνων
(γιγνώσκω know);
the second perfect: τέθναμεν
(θνῄσκω die). |
|
414.
There are two main classes of μι-verbs. |
|
A.
The root class. This class commonly ends in -η-μι
or -ω-μι
(from stems in ε,
α, or ο).
The present stem is usually
reduplicated, but may be the same as the verb-stem, which is a
root. |
|
Verb-stem |
Present
Stem |
Present |
|
θε-,
θη- |
τιθε-,
τιθη- (for θιθε,
θιθη, 125
a) |
τίθημι
place |
|
ἑ-,
ἡ- |
ἱ̄ε-,
ἱ̄η- (for
σισε,
σιση) |
ἵ̄ημι
send |
|
στα-,
στη- |
ἱστα-,
ἱστη- (for
σιστα,
σιστη, 119) |
ἵστημι
set |
|
δο-,
δω- |
διδο-,
διδω- |
δίδωμι
give |
|
φα-,
φη- |
φα-,
φη- |
φημί
say |
|
|
|
|
|
B.
The -νῡμι
class. This class adds
νυ (νῡ),
after a vowel ννυ
(ννῡ), to
the verb-stem. In the subjunctive and optative regularly,
and sometimes in the indicative, verbs in -νῡμι
are inflected like verbs in -ω. |
|
Verb-stem |
Present
Stem |
Present |
|
δεικ- |
δεικνυ-,
δεικνῡ- |
δείκνῡμι
show |
|
ζευγ- |
ζευγνυ-,
ζευγνῡ- |
ζεύγνῡμι
yoke |
|
κερα- |
κεραννυ-,
κεραννῡ- |
κεράννῡμι
mix |
|
ῥηγ- |
ῥηγνυ-,
ῥηγνῡ- |
ῥήγνῡμι
break |
|
σβε- |
σβεννυ-,
σβεννῡ- |
σβέννῡμι
extinguish |
|
|
|
|
|
C.
There are some (mostly poetic) verbs in -νημι,
which add να-,
νη- to form the
present stem; as δάμ-νη-μι
I
subdue, δάμ-να-μεν
we
subdue. |
|
415.
All the possible μι forms do not occur in any single
verb. τίθημι
and δίδωμι
are incomplete and irregular in the second aorist active; and ἔσβην
went out
from σβέννῡμι
is the only second aorist formed from νῡμι-verbs.
ἐπριάμην I bought,
second aorist middle (from the stem πρια-
with no present), is given in the paradigms in place of the
missing form of ἵστημι;
and ἔδῡν
I entered
from δύ̄ω
(but formed as if from δῦμι)
in place of a
second aorist of the νῡμι-verbs. |
|
|
|
135 |
|
|
416.
(A) Root Class. – Inflection of τίθημι
place,
ἵστημι
set,
δίδωμι
give,
in the present, imperfect, and second aorist tenses; and of ἐπριάμην
I
bought. |
|
Active |
|
Present
Indicative |
|
S.
1. |
τί-θη-μι |
ἵ-στη-μι |
δί-δω-μι |
|
2. |
τί-θη-ς |
ἵ-στη-ς |
δί-δω-ς |
|
3. |
τί-θη-σι |
ἵ-στη-σι |
δί-δω-σι |
|
D.
2. |
τί-θε-τον |
ἵ-στα-τον |
δί-δο-τον |
|
3. |
τί-θε-τον |
ἵ-στα-τον |
δί-δο-τον |
|
P.
1. |
τί-θε-μεν |
ἵ-στα-μεν |
δί-δο-μεν |
|
2. |
τί-θε-τε |
ἵ-στα-τε |
δί-δο-τε |
|
3. |
τι-θέ-ᾱσι |
ἱ-στᾶσι |
δι-δό-ᾱσι |
|
Imperfect |
|
S.
1. |
ἐ-τί-θη-ν |
ἵ̄-στη-ν |
ἐ-δί-δουν
(746
b) |
|
2. |
ἐ-τί-θεις
(746
b) |
ἵ̄-στη-ς |
ἐ-δί-δους |
|
3. |
ἐ-τί-θει |
ἵ̄-στη |
ἐ-δί-δου |
|
D.
2. |
ἐ-τί-θε-τον |
ἵ̄-στα-τον |
ἐ-δί-δο-τον |
|
3. |
ἐ-τι-θέ-την |
ἱ̄-στά-την |
ἐ-δι-δό-την |
|
P.
1. |
ἐ-τί-θε-μεν |
ἵ̄-στα-μεν |
ἐ-δί-δο-μεν |
|
2. |
ἐ-τί-θε-τε |
ἵ̄-στα-τε |
ἐ-δί-δο-τε |
|
3. |
ἐ-τί-θε-σαν |
ἵ̄-στα-σαν |
ἐ-δί-δο-σαν |
|
Present
Subjunctive |
|
S.
1. |
τι-θῶ |
ἱ-στῶ |
δι-δῶ |
|
2. |
τι-θῇ-ς |
ἱ-στῇ-ς |
δι-δῷ-ς |
|
3. |
τι-θῇ |
ἱ-στῇ |
δι-δῷ |
|
D.
2. |
τι-θῆ-τον |
ἱ-στῆ-τον |
δι-δῶ-τον |
|
3. |
τι-θῆ-τον |
ἱ-στῆ-τον |
δι-δῶ-τον |
|
P.
1. |
τι-θῶ-μεν |
ἱ-στῶ-μεν |
δι-δῶ-μεν |
|
2. |
τι-θῆ-τε |
ἱ-στῆ-τε |
δι-δῶ-τε |
|
3. |
τι-θῶ-σι |
ἱ-στῶ-σι |
δι-δῶ-σι |
|
Present
Optative |
|
S.
1. |
τι-θείη-ν |
ἱ-σταίη-ν |
δι-δοίη-ν |
|
2. |
τι-θείη-ς |
ἱ-σταίη-ς |
δι-δοίη-ς |
|
3. |
τι-θείη |
ἱ-σταίη |
δι-δοίη |
|
D.
2. |
τι-θεῖ-τον |
ἱ-σταῖ-τον |
δι-δοῖ-τον |
|
3. |
τι-θεί-την |
ἱ-σταί-την |
δι-δοί-την |
|
P.
1. |
τι-θεῖ-μεν |
ἱ-σταῖ-μεν |
δι-δοῖ-μεν |
|
2. |
τι-θεῖ-τε |
ἱ-σταῖ-τε |
δι-δοῖ-τε |
|
3. |
τι-θεῖε-ν |
ἱ-σταῖε-ν |
δι-δοῖε-ν |
|
|
|
|
136 |
|
|
Active
— Concluded |
|
Present
Optative |
|
or
(750) |
or
(750) |
or
(750) |
|
D.
2. |
τι-θείη-τον |
ἱ-σταίη-τον |
δι-δοίη-τον |
|
3. |
τι-θειή-την |
ἱ-σταιή-την |
δι-δοιή-την |
|
P.
1. |
τι-θείη-μεν |
ἱ-σταίη-μεν |
δι-δοίη-μεν |
|
2. |
τι-θείη-τε |
ἱ-σταίη-τε |
δι-δοίη-τε |
|
3. |
τι-θείη-σαν |
ἱ-σταίη-σαν |
δι-δοίη-σαν |
|
Present
Imperative |
|
S.
2. |
τί-θει
(746
b) |
ἵ-στη |
δί-δου |
|
3. |
τι-θέ-τω |
ἱ-στά-τω |
δι-δό-τω |
|
D.
2. |
τί-θε-τον |
ἵ-στα-τον |
δί-δο-τον |
|
3. |
τι-θέ-των |
ἱ-στά-των |
δι-δό-των |
|
P.
2. |
τί-θε-τε |
ἵ-στα-τε |
δί-δο-τε |
|
3. |
τι-θέ-ντων |
ἱ-στά-ντων |
δι-δό-ντων |
|
Present
Infinitive |
|
τι-θέ-ναι |
ἱ-στά-ναι |
δι-δό-ναι
|
|
Present
Participle |
|
τι-θείς,
-εῖσα, -έν (307) |
ἱ-στά̄ς,
-ᾶσα, -άν (306) |
δι-δούς,
-οῦσα, -όν
(307)
|
|
Middle
and Passive |
|
Present
Indicative |
|
S.
1. |
τί-θε-μαι |
ἵ-στα-μαι |
δί-δο-μαι
(747
f) |
|
2. |
τί-θε-σαι |
ἵ-στα-σαι |
δί-δο-σαι |
|
3. |
τί-θε-ται |
ἵ-στα-ται |
δί-δο-ται |
|
D.
1. |
τί-θε-σθον |
ἵ-στα-σθον |
δί-δο-σθον |
|
2. |
τί-θε-σθον |
ἵ-στα-σθον |
δί-δο-σθον |
|
P.
1. |
τι-θέ-μεθα |
ἱ-στά-μεθα |
δι-δό-μεθα |
|
2. |
τί-θε-σθε |
ἵ-στα-σθε |
δί-δο-σθε |
|
3. |
τί-θε-νται |
ἵ-στα-νται |
δί-δο-νται |
|
Imperfect |
|
S.
1. |
ἐ-τι-θέ-μην |
ἱ̄-στά-μην |
ἐ-δι-δό-μην
(747
f) |
|
2. |
ἐ-τί-θε-σο |
ἵ̄-στα-σο |
ἐ-δί-δο-σο |
|
3. |
ἐ-τί-θε-το |
ἵ̄-στα-το |
ἐ-δί-δο-το |
|
D.
1. |
ἐ-τί-θε-σθον |
ἵ̄-στα-σθον |
ἐ-δί-δο-σθον |
|
2. |
ἐ-τι-θέ-σθην |
ἱ̄-στά-σθην |
ἐ-δι-δό-σθην |
|
P.
1. |
ἐ-τι-θέ-μεθα |
ἱ̄-στά-μεθα |
ἐ-δι-δό-μεθα |
|
2. |
ἐ-τί-θε-σθε |
ἵ̄-στα-σθε |
ἐ-δί-δο-σθε |
|
3. |
ἐ-τί-θε-ντο |
ἵ̄-στα-ντο |
ἐ-δί-δο-ντο |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
137 |
|
|
Middle
and Passive —
Concluded |
|
Present
Subjunctive |
|
S.
1. |
τι-θῶ-μαι |
ἱ-στῶ-μαι |
δι-δῶ-μαι |
|
2. |
τι-θῇ |
ἱ-στῇ |
δι-δῷ |
|
3. |
τι-θῆ-ται |
ἱ-στῆ-ται |
δι-δῶ-ται |
|
D.
2. |
τι-θῆ-σθον |
ἱ-στῆ-σθον |
δι-δῶ-σθον |
|
3. |
τι-θῆ-σθον |
ἱ-στῆ-σθον |
δι-δῶ-σθον |
|
P.
1. |
τι-θώ-μεθα |
ἱ-στώ-μεθα |
δι-δώ-μεθα |
|
2. |
τι-θῆ-σθε |
ἱ-στῆ-σθε |
δι-δῶ-σθε |
|
3. |
τι-θῶ-νται |
ἱ-στῶ-νται |
δι-δῶ-νται |
|
Present
Optative |
|
S.
1. |
τι-θεί-μην |
ἱ-σταί-μην |
δι-δοί-μην |
|
2. |
τι-θεῖ-ο |
ἱ-σταῖ-ο |
δι-δοῖ-ο |
|
3. |
τι-θεῖ-το |
ἱ-σταῖ-το |
δι-δοῖ-το |
|
D.
2. |
τι-θεῖ-σθον |
ἱ-σταῖ-σθον |
δι-δοῖ-σθον |
|
3. |
τι-θεί-σθην |
ἱ-σταί-σθην |
δι-δοί-σθην |
|
S.
1. |
τι-θεί-μεθα |
ἱ-σταί-μεθα |
δι-δοί-μεθα |
|
2. |
τι-θεῖ-σθε |
ἱ-σταῖ-σθε |
δι-δοῖ-σθε |
|
3. |
τι-θεῖ-ντο |
ἱ-σταῖ-ντο |
δι-δοῖ-ντο |
|
or |
|
|
|
S.
1. |
τι-θεί-μην |
|
|
|
2. |
τι-θεῖ-ο |
|
|
|
3. |
τι-θοῖ-το
(746
c) |
|
|
|
D.
2. |
τι-θοῖ-σθον |
|
|
|
3. |
τι-θοί-σθην |
|
|
|
P.
1. |
τι-θοί-μεθα |
|
|
|
2. |
τι-θοῖ-σθε |
|
|
|
3. |
τι-θοῖ-ντο |
|
|
|
Present
Imperative |
|
S.
2. |
τί-θε-σο |
ἵ-στα-σο |
δί-δο-σο |
|
3. |
τι-θέ-σθω |
ἱ-στά-σθω |
δι-δό-σθω |
|
D.
2. |
τί-θε-σθον |
ἵ-στα-σθον |
δί-δο-σθον |
|
3. |
τι-θέ-σθων |
ἱ-στά-σθων |
δι-δό-σθων |
|
P.
2. |
τί-θε-σθε
ἵ- |
ἵ-στα-σθε |
δί-δο-σθε |
|
3. |
τι-θέ-σθων |
ἱ-στά-σθων |
δι-δό-σθων |
|
Present
Infinitive |
|
τί-θε-σθαι |
ἵ-στα-σθαι |
δί-δο-σθαι |
|
Present
Participle |
|
τι-θέ-μενος |
ἱ-στά-μενος |
δι-δό-μενος |
|
|
|
